Magerl et al developed a classification for injuries to the thoracic and lumbar spine using a scheme similar to that used for the AO fracture classification. The Type B fractures involve injury to the anterior and posterior elements. The authors are from multiple institutions in Europe and North America.
Type B injuries cause partial or complete loss of the tensile strength of the spine; in addition, there may be loss of stability in axial compression.
|
Major Subtype |
Minor Subtype |
Subdivider |
Classification |
|
posterior disruption predominantly ligamentous |
|
|
B1 |
|
|
transverse disruption of disc |
|
B1.1 |
|
|
|
flexion-subluxation |
B1.1.1 |
|
|
|
anterior dislocation |
B1.1.2 |
|
|
|
either with fracture of articular processes |
B1.1.3 |
|
|
with type A fracture vertebral body |
|
B1.2 |
|
|
|
flexion-subluxation |
B1.2.1 |
|
|
|
anterior dislocation |
B1.2.2 |
|
|
|
either with fracture of articular processes |
B1.2.3 |
|
posterior disruption predominantly osseous |
|
|
B2 |
|
|
transverse bicolumn fracture |
|
B2.1 |
|
|
with transverse disruption of disc |
|
B2.2 |
|
|
|
disruption through the pedicle and disc |
B2.2.1 |
|
|
|
disruption through pars interarticularis and disc |
B2.2.2 |
|
|
with Type A fracture of vertebral body |
|
B2.3 |
|
|
|
disruption through the pedicle and disc |
B2.3.1 |
|
|
|
disruption through pars interarticularis and disc |
B2.3.2 |
|
anterior disruption through the disc |
|
|
B3 |
|
|
hyperextension-subluxation |
|
B3.1 |
|
|
|
without injury of the posterior column |
B3.1.1 |
|
|
|
with injury of the posterior column |
B3.1.2 |
|
|
hyperextension-spondylolysis |
|
B3.2 |
|
|
posterior dislocation |
|
B3.3 |
where:
• Both B1 and B2 types are flexion-distraction injuries
• B3 involves hyperextension and shear injury.
• Disruption through the pars interarticularis and disc involves flexion spondylolysis.
Specialty: Surgery, orthopedic, Emergency Medicine, Critical Care, Surgery, general
ICD-10: ,
