Darling et al classified patients with Totally Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection (TAPVC) based on the anatomic features of the pulmonary venous flow.
Anomalous Connection
Designation
Type
remnant of left superior vena cava OR right superior vena cava
supracardiac
I
directly to the right atrium OR to the coronary sinus
cardiac
II
inferior vena cava below the diaphragm
infracardiac
III
2 or 3 of the above
mixed
IV
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