Cardillo et al reported simple classification for tracheal wall injury following endotracheal intubation.
Patient selection: tracheal injury
|
Tracheal Wall Injury
|
Esophageal Injury and/or Mediastinitis
|
Level
|
|
mucosal or submucosal
|
none
|
I
|
|
extension into muscle layer, with or without subcutaneous or mediastinal emphysema
|
none
|
II
|
|
complete laceration with esophageal or mediastinal soft-tissue hernia
|
none
|
IIIA
|
|
laceration
|
present
|
IIIB
|
