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Classification of Bile Acid Malabsorption (BAM)

Description

Bile acid malabsorption (BAM) is classified based on etiology.


Classification

Cause

Type

primary (idiopathic)

uncertain

Type 2

secondary to ileal dysfunction

Crohn’s disease, ileal resection, ileal bypass, bacterial terminal ileitis

Type 1

secondary to other cause

post-cholecystectomy, celiac disease, post-vagotomy, pancreatitis, pancreatic insufficiency, bacterial overgrowth, diabetes mellitus

Type 3

 

The cause of primary BAM is uncertain. One hypothesis is that release of an ileal hormone (FGF19) results in overproduction of bile acids that exceeds the ability of the ileum to absorb the bile acid. Another might be an inherited defect in bile acid transport.

 


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