Amyloid A is a serum protein that is an acute phase reactant. It may increase in conditions of inflammation and, if deposited in tissue, can lead to secondary amyloidosis (AA amyloidosis).
Amyloid A protein is an apolipoprotein that is part of high-density lipoprotein (HDL).
Infectious diseases:
(1) schistosomiasis
(2) visceral leishmaniasis
(3) tuberculosis
(4) chronic osteomyelitis
(5) chronic allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
(6) bacterial endocarditis
(7) any chronic infection
Immune and autoimmune:
(1) autoinflammatory disorders (Familial Mediterranean Fever, other)
(2) rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
(3) systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
(4) psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis
(5) juvenile arthritis
(6) ankylosing spondylitis
(7) Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis
(8) adult-onset Still's disease
(9) primary biliary cirrhosis
(10) Behcet's disease
(11) common variable immunodeficiency (CVID)
(12) spondyloarthropathy
Other:
(1) alkaptonuria
Patient populations at risk:
(1) intravenous drug users
(2) cystic fibrosis and/or bronchiectasis
(3) paraplegics with recurrent urinary tract infections
