A long list of conditions can result in pericarditis.
Pathophysiologic groups:
(1) infection
(2) periodic fevers
(3) autoimmune disorder
(4) secondary immune disorder
(5) intrathoracic disorder
(6) metabolic disorder
(7) trauma
(8) neoplastic
(9) other
Infection:
(1) bacterial (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria gonorrheae, Neisseria meningitidis, Hemophilus species, syphilis, Borrelia, chylamdia, etc)
(2) viral (Coxsackie, mumps, EBV, CMV, varicella, rubella, HIV, Parvovirus B19, etc)
(3) fungal (Histoplasmosis, Candida, etc)
(4) mycobacterial
(4) parasitic (Entameba, Echinococcus, Toxoplasma, etc)
Periodic fevers:
(1) Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF)
(2) TRAPS (tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic syndrome)
Autoimmune disorder:
(1) systemic lupus erythematosus
(2) rheumatoid arthritis
(3) ankylosing spondylitis
(4) systemic sclerosis
(5) dermatomyositis
(6) periarteritis nodosa
(7) Reiter’s syndrome
Secondary immune disorder:
(1) rheumatic fever
(2) postcardiotomy syndrome
(3) postmyocardial infarction syndrome
(4) autoreactive pericarditis
Intra-thoracic disorder:
(1) myocardial infarction
(2) myocarditis
(3) aortic aneurysm
(4) pneumonia
(5) lung infarction
(6) esophageal disorder
(7) congestive heart failure
Metabolic disorder:
(1) uremia
(2) myxedema
(3) Addison’s disease
(4) diabetic ketoacidosis
(5) cholesterol pericarditis
Trauma:
(1) penetrating trauma
(2) blunt trauma
Neoplastic:
(1) primary pericardial tumor
(2) metastatic lung cancer
(3) metastatic breast cancer
(4) other metastatic malignancy (melanoma, sarcoma, etc)
(5) leukemia
(6) lymphoma
Other:
(1) paraneoplastic
(2) radiation
(3) electrical shock
(4) pregnancy
If a specific cause is not found after a complete workup then the pericarditis is designated idiopathic.
Specialty: Cardiology
ICD-10: ,