Hanging can be quick and merciful or slow and cruel. A person being hung may die as a result of several mechanisms alone or in combination.
Cause
Effect
compression of carotid and vertebral arteries
decreased blood supply to brain; trigger the carotid reflex
bradycardia from carotid reflex and/or pressure on the carotid bodies
cardiac arrest
compression of the larynx
asphyxiation
hangman's fracture with acute trauma to the cervical spine at C1-C2
loss of consciousness and interference with respiratory controls
decapitation
instant and irrevocable death
subarachnoid hemorrhage
increased intracranial pressure
compression of jugular veins
Asphyxiation by compression of the airway tends to be a slow and agonizing death unless the person has been rendered unconscious by one of the other mechanisms.
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