Increased separation of the incisors (anterior diastema) can occur for a number of reasons. Identifying the cause is important in considering a solution.
Hereditary casues:
(1) racial trait
(2) familial trait
Abnormalities in the number, shape and size of teeth, including:
(1) supernumary teeth
(2) pathologic dental migration or eruption
(3) accentuated overbite
(4) tooth loss
(5) transition from deciduous to permanent dentition
(6) dento-alveolar discrepancies
Abnormalities of maxilla:
(1) rapid expansion of the maxilla
(2) defects in the intermaxillary suture
(3) cleft palate
(4) anterior cyst
Acquired:
(1) tongue and/or lip habits
(2) physical obstacle
(3) regular deleterious behavior (parafunction)
(4) enlarged labial frenulum (frenum)
(5) iatrogenic
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