The canine tooth syndrome (CTS) is a constellation of changes that can be seen after a dog bite to the superior orbital area. Not all dog bites cause CTS, and not all cases of CTS are due to dog bites.
Synonym: dog bite syndrome
Clinical features of the canine tooth syndrome:
(1) damage to trochlea (often with avulsion) and/or superior oblique muscle
(2) diplopia secondary to ipsilateral deficit of elevation and depression which is maximal in adduction (Brown's syndrome refers to an inability to elevate the eye in adduction)
(3) variable associated soft tissue damage
Causes of CTS:
(1) dog bite
(2) head trauma
(3) cysticercosis cyst or other pathology involving the superior oblique muscle
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