Buffers are solutions composed of a mixture of a corresponding salt and acid, which is able to resist changes in pH.
According to the Henderson Hasselbach equation:
pH =
= pK + (LOG10 ((salt concentration) / (acid concentration)))
If an X molar buffer is made, then
(salt concentration) =
= (acid concentration) * (10^ (pH - pK))
and
(salt concentration)+ (acid concentration) = X, so that
(salt concentration =
= X - (acid concentration)
Therefore:
X = (acid concentration) * (1 + (10 ^ (pH - pK)))
(acid concentration) =
= X / (1 + (10 ^ (pH - pK)))
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Specialty: Clinical Laboratory
