Key elements:
(1) the bait - The promise of a good deal used to "hook" the customer like a fish.
(2) the switch - Substitution of something of lesser value or quality compared to what was initially promised or advertised, or else charging a higher price.
Assumptions made by the dealer:
(1) The customer will not notice the difference.
(2) The customer can be talked into accepting the switched item.
(3) The customer will not be upset enough to cause real trouble.
Examples of groups that may perpetuate such a fraud:
(1) vendors or merchants
(2) automobile dealers or repair shops
(3) building contractors
(4) insurance companies
(5) politicians
Exclusions:
(1) The customer reads more into the offer than what is stated.
(2) The provider runs out of an item due to high demand.
(3) The provider is unaware of a change made by a supplier (a switch once removed).
Prevention:
(1) If a deal sounds too good to be true, then it probably is not true.
(2) Demand a money-back guarantee (although collecting on a guarantee is easier said than done).
(3) Perform a quality inspection prior to acceptance.
(4) Ask for and check references for all providers.
(5) Be willing to walk away from the deal if anything seems wrong.
(6) Watch for added or hidden charges.
(7) Know exactly what you are getting and what has been agreed upon, looking for possible loopholes.
(8) Avoid being an impulse buyer.
