Autonomic dysfunction may occur following a concussion or traumatic brain injury. Management of dysautonomia may improve the patient's quality of life.
Clinical features:
(1) history of concussion or traumatic brain injury
(2) persistent posttraumatic headache (lasting more than 3 months)
(3) dysautonomia (see below)
(4) other findings such as fatigue, mild cognitive impairment, concentration deficits, irritability and depression
Features of dysautonomia:
(1) orthostatic intolerance
(2) vasomotor symptoms
(3) secretomotor symptoms
(4) gastroparesis
(5) constipation or diarrhea
(6) bladder symptoms
(7) sleep disorders
(8) syncope
(9) male erectile dysfunction
(10) pupillomotor disturbances
