Autoimmune findings may precede the diagnosis of primary immunodeficiency in a pediatric patient.
Autoimmune manifestations may include:
(1) immune thrombocytopenia
(2) autoimmune hemolytic anemia
(3) immune neutropenia
(4) autoimmune endocrinopathy (thyroiditis)
(5) vasculitis
(6) inflammatory bowel disease or celiac disease
(7) autoimmune skin disease (psoriasis, alopecia areata, vitiligo)
(8) arthritis
Additional findings:
(1) lymphoproliferation
If a pediatric patient has an autoimmune disease, then the patient should be evaluated for an immunodeficiency.
If a pediatric patient has an immunodeficiency, then the patient should be evaluated for autoimmune disease.
Some possible clues:
(1) family history of immunodeficiency
(2) family history of autoimmune disease
(3) frequent and recurrent infections
