Couillard et al reported an Asthma Attack Risk Scale for predicting the risk of an asthma attack. The authors are from University of Oxford, Universite de Sherbrooke (Quebec), and Edith Cowan University (Western Australia).
Patient selection: age > 12 years
Parameters:
(1) asthma attack in past year
(2) number of asthma risk factors (poor symptom control, FEV1 < 80% of predicted, adherence issues, reliever overuse, previous intubation or ICU admission for asthma attack, one or more comorbidities and environmental exposures)
(3) GINA category
(4) absolute eosinophil count in 10^9/L
(5) exhaled nitric oxide in ppb
Outcome: annual asthma attack rate if treatment not changed
|
Attack |
2+ Risk Fac |
GINA |
Eosino |
NO2 |
Attack Rate |
|
N |
N |
1 or 2 |
< 0.15 |
< 25 |
0.06 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.06 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.08 |
|
|
|
|
0.15-0.299 |
< 25 |
0.08 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.08 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.11 |
|
|
|
|
>= 0.30 |
< 25 |
0.11 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.11 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.22 |
|
|
|
3 |
< 0.15 |
< 25 |
0.07 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.07 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.09 |
|
|
|
|
0.15-0.299 |
< 25 |
0.09 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.09 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.12 |
|
|
|
|
>= 0.30 |
< 25 |
0.12 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.12 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.24 |
|
|
|
4 |
< 0.15 |
< 25 |
0.08 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.08 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.11 |
|
|
|
|
0.15-0.299 |
< 25 |
0.10 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.11 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.15 |
|
|
|
|
>= 0.30 |
< 25 |
0.14 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.14 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.29 |
|
|
|
5 |
< 0.15 |
< 25 |
0.20 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.21 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.27 |
|
|
|
|
0.15-0.299 |
< 25 |
0.25 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.27 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.36 |
|
|
|
|
>= 0.30 |
< 25 |
0.35 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.35 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.71 |
|
Attack |
2+ Risk Fac |
GINA |
Eosino |
NO2 |
Attack Rate |
|
N |
Y |
1 or 2 |
< 0.15 |
< 25 |
0.08 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.08 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.11 |
|
|
|
|
0.15-0.299 |
< 25 |
0.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.11 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.14 |
|
|
|
|
>= 0.30 |
< 25 |
0.14 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.14 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.29 |
|
|
|
3 |
< 0.15 |
< 25 |
0.09 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.09 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.12 |
|
|
|
|
0.15-0.299 |
< 25 |
0.11 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.12 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.16 |
|
|
|
|
>= 0.30 |
< 25 |
0.15 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.15 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.31 |
|
|
|
4 |
< 0.15 |
< 25 |
0.11 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.11 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.14 |
|
|
|
|
0.15-0.299 |
< 25 |
0.14 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.15 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.19 |
|
|
|
|
>= 0.30 |
< 25 |
0.19 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.19 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.38 |
|
|
|
5 |
< 0.15 |
< 25 |
0.26 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.27 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.35 |
|
|
|
|
0.15-0.299 |
< 25 |
0.33 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.36 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.47 |
|
|
|
|
>= 0.30 |
< 25 |
0.46 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.46 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.93 |
|
Attack |
2+ Risk Fac |
GINA |
Eosino |
NO2 |
Attack Rate |
|
Y |
N |
1 or 2 |
< 0.15 |
< 25 |
0.18 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.18 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.23 |
|
|
|
|
0.15-0.299 |
< 25 |
0.22 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.24 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.31 |
|
|
|
|
>= 0.30 |
< 25 |
0.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.62 |
|
|
|
3 |
< 0.15 |
< 25 |
0.19 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.19 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.25 |
|
|
|
|
0.15-0.299 |
< 25 |
0.24 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.26 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.34 |
|
|
|
|
>= 0.30 |
< 25 |
0.33 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.33 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.67 |
|
|
|
4 |
< 0.15 |
< 25 |
0.23 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.24 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.31 |
|
|
|
|
0.15-0.299 |
< 25 |
0.29 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.31 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.41 |
|
|
|
|
>= 0.30 |
< 25 |
0.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.82 |
|
|
|
5 |
< 0.15 |
< 25 |
0.57 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.58 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.75 |
|
|
|
|
0.15-0.299 |
< 25 |
0.71 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.77 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
1.01 |
|
|
|
|
>= 0.30 |
< 25 |
0.98 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.98 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
2.0 |
|
Attack |
2+ Risk Fac |
GINA |
Eosino |
NO2 |
Attack Rate |
|
Y |
Y |
1 or 2 |
< 0.15 |
< 25 |
0.23 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.23 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.30 |
|
|
|
|
0.15-0.299 |
< 25 |
0.28 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.31 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.41 |
|
|
|
|
>= 0.30 |
< 25 |
0.39 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.39 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.80 |
|
|
|
3 |
< 0.15 |
< 25 |
0.25 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.25 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.33 |
|
|
|
|
0.15-0.299 |
< 25 |
0.31 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.34 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.44 |
|
|
|
|
>= 0.30 |
< 25 |
0.43 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.43 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.88 |
|
|
|
4 |
< 0.15 |
< 25 |
0.30 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.31 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.40 |
|
|
|
|
0.15-0.299 |
< 25 |
0.38 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.41 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.54 |
|
|
|
|
>= 0.30 |
< 25 |
0.52 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.52 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
1.06 |
|
|
|
5 |
< 0.15 |
< 25 |
0.74 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
0.75 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
0.98 |
|
|
|
|
0.15-0.299 |
< 25 |
0.93 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
1.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
1.32 |
|
|
|
|
>= 0.30 |
< 25 |
1.28 |
|
|
|
|
|
25 to 49.99 |
1.28 |
|
|
|
|
|
>= 50 |
2.60 |
Specialty: Pulmonology
