Acrylonitrile is an aliphatic nitrile that is used as a fumigant or in the production of plastics such as acrylics. It can have acute and chronic toxic effects.
It is explosive and heavier than air.
Metabolites: cyanide, S-(2-cyanoethyl)-mercapturic acid, rhodanate
Sources of exposure: inhalation, ingestion, dermal
Signs and symptoms of mild exposure:
(1) headache
(2) sneezing
(3) irritation of mucous membranes
(4) nausea and vomiting
(5) lightheadedness
(6) weakness
Signs and symptoms of severe exposure resemble cyanide poisoning.
(1) asphyxia
(2) toxic hepatitis
(3) cardiovascular collapse
Chronic exposure may be carcinogenic ("reasonably anticipated"). Possible cancers may include lung, stomach, brain and prostate.
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