Closure of a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) can be achieved in infants with cyclooxygenase inhibitor therapy. These drugs unfortunately may have adverse drug effects.
Cyclooxygenase inhibitors used to treat PDA include indomethacin, ibuprofen, mefenamic acid and acetaminophen.
Adverse drug effects:
(1) acute kidney injury (AKI)
(2) necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)
(3) thrombocytopenia and/or bleeding
(4) gastrointestinal bleeding and/or perforation
(5) hyperbilirubinemia
(6) hyponatremia
(7) peripheral vasoconstriction
Risk factors for adverse effects:
(1) preterm infant
(2) high dose of drug
(3) impaired renal function
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