A simple risk classification can be used to assess patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
Development: The score was developed at the Montreal Heart Hospital and was described in 1983. It has been evaluated in over 500 patients.
Risk factors:
(1) poor left ventricular function (ejection fraction < 0.3)
(2) unstable angina or recent myocardial infarction (transmural infarct less than 6 weeks before)
(3) evidence of heart failure
(4) age > 65 years
(5) severe obesity (body mass index > 30)
(6) emergency surgery
(7) re-operation
(8) other significant and uncontrolled systemic disturbances
risk score =
= number of risk factors present
Interpretation:
• minimum score: 0
• maximum score: 8
Risk Score |
Risk |
Mortality |
---|---|---|
0 |
normal |
0.4% |
1 |
increased |
3.1% |
>= 2 |
high |
12.2% |
Limitations:
• The mortality rates were determined in 1983, and probably are lower today.
• The complexity of the operative procedure is not incorporated.
Purpose: To use a simple risk classification to evaluate a patient undergoing cardiac surgery.
Specialty: Cardiology, Surgery, general
Objective: risk factors, severity, prognosis, stage
ICD-10: I20-I25, I50,