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Emergency Transfusion Score (ETS) for Predicting Blood Transfusion Needs of a Severely Injured Patient

Purpose: To determine how likely a trauma patient will require blood transfusion using the Emergency Transfusion Score (ETS).

Description

The Emergency Transfusion Score (ETS, also referred to as the Emergency room Transfusion score) can help to predict the need for transfusion in a severely injured patient. The authors are from University Hospital Essen, University Hospital Giessen and Marburg, and University Witten/Herdecke in Germany.


Parameters:

(1) age in years

(2) systolic blood pressure in mm Hg

(3) injury mechanism

(4) admission from scene of the accident

(5) pelvic ring status

(6) intra-abdominal free fluid on ultrasound (US)

 

Parameter

Finding

Points

age in years

< 20 years

0

 

20 to 60 years

0.5

 

> 60 years

1.5

systolic blood pressure

< 90 mm Hg

2.5

 

90 to 120 mm Hg

1.5

 

> 120 mm Hg

0

injury mechanism

traffic accident

1

 

fall > 3 meters

1

 

other

0

admission from accident scene

no

0

 

yes

1

pelvic ring

not disrupted

0

 

disrupted

1.5

intra-abdominal free fluid on US

absent

0

 

present

2

 

ETS =

= SUM(points for all 6 parameters)

 

Interpretation:

• minimum score: 0

• maximum score: 9.5

• The higher the score the more likely that the patient will need to be transfused.

• A score >= 3 was used as the cutoff for blood transfusion.

 

ETS

Probability of Needing a Transfusion

0

< 1%

2.5

3%

3.0

5%

6.0

50%

9.5

almost 100%


 


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Specialty

Objective

ICD-10