Hong et al reported risk factors for complications associated with a foreign body in the upper gastrointestinal tract. These can help to identify a patient who may have a more complex clinical course. The authors are from Dongguk UniversityIlsan Hospital in South Korea.
Sites of lodgment:
(1) upper esophagus
(2) mid esophagus
(3) lower esophagus
(4) stomach
Foreign bodies included:
(1) fish bones
(2) drugs
(3) shells
(4) meat bolus
(5) metal objects
(6) animal bones
(7) dental prosthesis
(8) toothbrush
(9) plastic
(10) stone
Complications:
(1) bleeding
(2) laceration of viscus wall
(3) ulceration
(4) perforation
(5) abscess
Risk factors for complications during endoscopic removal:
(1) sharp object (HR 2.5)
(2) duration of impaction > 12 hours (HR 2.4)
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