Criteria for compulsive buying:
(1) maladaptive preoccupation with, or impulses for, or behavior in buying or shopping, as indicated by one or more of the following:
(1a) frequent preoccupation with buying
(1b) impulses to buy that are experienced as irresistible, intrusive and/or senseless
(1c) frequent buying of more than can be afforded
(1d) frequent buying of items that are not needed
(1e) shopping for longer periods of time than intended
(2) The buying preoccupation, impulses or behavior cause:
(2a) marked distress
(2b) are time consuming
(2c) interfere significantly with social or occupational functioning
(2d) result in financial problems (such as bankruptcy, indebtedness)
(3) The behavior does not occur exclusively during periods of hypomania or mania.
where:
• Items 1(a) and 1(b) indicate impulsive or preoccupation with buying, while items 1(c) to 1(e) indicate excessive buying. Only one of these is required to meet the first criterion.
