Erickson et al reported the TURNS-LSE classification for anterior urethral stricture in a male. The authors are from the Trauma and Urologic Reconstruction Network of Surgeons (TURNS).
Components:
(1) length of uretheral stricture (L)
(2) stricture segment/location (S)
(3) etiology of stricture (E)
Parameter
Finding
Designation
length
<= 2 cm
L1
2.01 to 7 cm
L2
> 7 cm
L3
urethral segment
bulbar urethra without distal bulbar urethral involvement
S1a
bulbar urethra with distal bulbar urethral involvement
S1b
bulbar and penile urethral segments without involving fossa navicularis or urethral meatus
S2a
isolated to the penile urethra without involving fossa navicularis or urethral meatus
S2b
penile urethra with involvement of fossa navicularis and/or meatus
S2c
limited to fossa navicularis and/or meatus
S2d
involves meatus, penile urethra and bulbar urethra (pan-urethra)
S3
etiology
external trauma
E1
idiopathic or unknown
E2
iatrogenic, internal trauma
E3a
iatrogenic, recurrent stricture in prior urethroplasty segment (excluding hypospadias repair)
E3b
radiation induced
E3c
infectious or inflammatory
E4
segment of prior hypospadias repair
E5
lichen sclerosus
E6
Modifiers for urethral segment (applied after S designation:
(1) portion of lumen obliterated: x
(2) separate strictures at >= 2 distinct areas: m
(3) extension of stricture to posterior urethra: p
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