Nasal lesions that may occur during CPAP:
(1) erythema (redness)
(2) bleeding
(3) crusting
(4) excoriation
(5) stenosis (narrowing) of the passage
Location of nasal injuries:
(1) with nasal prongs: walls of the nasal septum
(2) with mask: junction between the nasal septum and philtrum
Risk factors for nasal trauma:
(1) prematurity (with delicate skin and little subcutaneous fat)
(2) other causes for friable skin and mucosa
(3) prolonged placement causing persistent pressure
(4) improper application (straps to tight, incorrect location, etc)
(5) excessive rubbing back and forth
Techniques to reduce the risk:
(1) frequent examination of the nares for early signs of injury
(2) ongoing education and training
(3) proper placement
(4) discontinue use as soon as possible
