The Rated Numeric Kinetic Line Scale (RNKLS) can be used to grade hyperkinetic facial lines. It can be used to grade wrinkles before and after therapeutic interventions. The authors are from the University of California in San Francisco.
Exclusions: Dermal lines and lines of relaxed skin, since they are not secondary to hyperkinetic action.
Parameters:
(1) wrinkles at rest
(2) wrinkles with facial expression
Wrinkles at Rest |
Wrinkles with Expression |
Score |
none |
none |
0 |
none |
fine lines |
1 |
none |
deep lines |
2 |
fine |
deeper |
3 |
deep |
deep furrows |
4 |
Muscle Group |
Action |
frontalis |
raising eyes to look upward |
corrugator |
contracting muscles above the eye, with furrowed brow |
orbicularis oculi |
closing the eyelids |
Photographs demonstrating the scale with each muscle group are shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3 (pages 254-255).
Specialty: Dermatology
ICD-10: ,