Iqbal et al measured the levels of ubiquitin, beta-amyloid(1-42) and tau protein in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with Alzheimer's Disease. They were able to identify 5 separate patterns of these proteins. The authors are from New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, University of Kuopio (Finland), Sahlgren's University Hospital (Molndal), Karolinska Institute and Innogenetics NV.
Specimen: cerebrospinal fluid
Analysis:
(1) ubiquitin: competitive inhibition ELISA using monoclonal antibody 5-25 (Signet Labs)
(2) beta-Amyloid(1-42): sandwich ELISA (Innogenetics)
(3) tau protein: sandwich ELISA (Innogenetics)
Ubiquitin |
Beta Amyloid |
Tau |
Pattern |
>= 500 ng/mL |
NA |
NA |
ATURO |
< 500 ng/mL |
>= 900 pg/mL |
NA |
HARO |
< 500 ng/mL |
< 900 pg/mL |
>= 920 pg/mL |
ATEO |
< 500 ng/mL |
< 900 pg/mL |
520 to 919 pg/mL |
AELO |
< 500 ng/mL |
< 900 pg/mL |
< 520 pg/mL |
LEBALO |
Pattern |
Disease Onset |
Descriptor |
ATURO |
recent |
high ubiquitin, low beta-amyloid, high tau |
HARO |
recent |
high beta-amyloid |
ATEO |
early |
low beta-amyloid, high tau |
AELO |
late |
low beta-amyloid, high incidence APOE4 |
LEBALO |
late |
low beta-amyloid, high incidence of Lewy bodies |
Limitation:
• The performance of the assays would have to be similar to that of the authors to get the same separations.
Specialty: Neurology