Patel et al listed criteria for diagnosis of hydrosalpinx using ultrasonography. The authors are from Mayo Clinic Scottsdale.
Pattern diagnostic of hydrosalpinx: tubular shape with the waist sign (diametrically opposed indentations along the wall of the cystic mass).
Pattern highly suggestive of hydrosalpinx: tubular shape with small round projections (hyperechoic mural nodules 2-3 mm in diameter).
Other patterns that can be seen in other conditions:
(1) tubular shape with incomplete septations
(2) tubular shape with short linear projections
Surgical excision is necessary if there are any suspicious solid areas.
Performance:
• 12 of 26 patients with hydrosalpinx had the tubular shape with waist sign. This pattern was specific for hydrosalpinx.
• 14 of 26 with hydrosalpinx had the tubular shape with small round projections. 1 of 5 paraovarian masses and 0 of 36 cystic neoplasma showed this pattern.
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