Description

Mahmud et al identified risk factors that can help identify a patient at risk for periprocedural myocardial infarction (PPMI) after a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This can help identify a patient who may require closer monitoring or more aggressive therapy. The authors are from the University of California at San Diego.


 

Parameters:

(1) reflow or TIMI grade

(2) residual stenosis in culprit vessel

(3) closure of sidebranches

(4) chest pain

(5) hypotension

(6) electrocardiographic (ECG) changes

(7) use of GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor for bailout

(8) intervention involving saphenous vein graft (SVG)

(9) intracoronary artery thrombus

(10) procedural events

 

PPMI not expected (unlikely) – all of the following:

(1) reflow or TIMI grade after the procedure: TIMI grade 3

(2) residual stenosis in culprit vessel: < 50%

(3) closure of sidebranches: none in major or minor sidebranches

(4) chest pain: not prolonged (<= 5 minutes and resolved by end of procedure)

(5) hypotension: not prolonged (<= 5 minutes and resolved by end of procedure)

(6) electrocardiographic (ECG) changes: not prolonged (<= 5 minutes and resolved by end of procedure)

(7) use of GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor for bailout: no

(8) intervention involving savenous vein graft (SVG): none

(9) intracoronary artery thrombus: none visualized

(10) procedural events: uneventful

 

PPMI not unexpected (possible):

(1) reflow or TIMI grade after the procedure: TIMI grade 3

(2) residual stenosis in culprit vessel: < 50%

and one or more of the following:

(1) transient no reflow or slow reflow

(2) transient closure of culprit vessel

(3) closure of sidebranches: loss of a minor sidebranch (< 1.5 mm); transient closure of major sidebranch (>= 1.5 mm)

(4) chest pain: prolonged (> 5 minutes and resolved by end of procedure)

(5) hypotension (> 5 minutes and resolved by end of procedure)

(6) electrocardiographic (ECG) changes (> 5 minutes and resolved by end of procedure)

(7) use of GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor for bailout

(8) intervention involving savenous vein graft (SVG): present

(9) intracoronary artery thrombus: visualized without clinical evidence of distal embolization

(10) procedural events: minor complication

 

PPMI not unexpected (possible) – both of the following:

(1) reflow or TIMI grade after the procedure: TIMI grade 3

(2) residual stenosis in culprit vessel: >= 50%

 

PPMI expected (probable) – one or more of the following:

(1) reflow or TIMI grade after the procedure: no reflow or TIMI grade 0-2 at the end of the procedure

(3) closure of sidebranches: loss of major sidebranch (>= 1.5 mm)

(4) chest pain: unresolved

(5) hypotension: unresolved with systolic blood pressure < 80 mm Hg

(6) electrocardiographic (ECG) changes: prolonged

(9) intracoronary artery thrombus: visualized with clinical evidence of distal embolization

(10) procedural events: major complication

 

where:

• Intracoronary thrombus in the expected group was not listed in the original table, but seems reasonable based on the definition in the not unexpected group.

 


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