Risk factors for invasive Candida infection:
(1) surgery within the past 3 months
(2) presence of an invasive device
(2a) endotracheal tube for mechanical ventilation
(2b) central venous catheter
(2c) implantable drug delivery system
(2d) urinary catheter
(3) antibiotic therapy for > 5 days during the past month
(4) immunosuppressive, including one or more of the following:
(4a) therapy with prednisone or equivalent of > 0.5 mg per kg per day for > 30 days
(4b) HIV infection
(4c) cancer chemotherapy within the past 3 months
(4d) organ transplantation with ongoing immunosuppression
(4e) bone marrow allograft or hematopoietic stem cell transplant
(4f) immunosuppressive therapy
(4g) anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapy
(5) renal failure
(6) diabetes mellitus type 1
(7) neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count < 500 per µL)
(8) solid tumor or hematologic malignancy
(9) active intravenous drug use
Non-albicans species represented about half of the culture isolates.
Reduced susceptibility to fluconazole was seen in about a sixth of isolates (17%).
Risk factors for death in the ICU in a patient with invasive Candidiasis:
(1) diabetes mellitus type 1
(2) immunosuppression
(3) mechanical ventilation
(4) body temperature <= 38.2°C at onset of the invasive Candida infection (odds ratio 0.36 if > 38.2°C)
