Risk factors for any incontinence identified by multiple logistic regression:
(1) white race (versus "other")
(2) use of vaginal estrogen cream
(3) vaginal dryness
(4) vaginal discharge
(5) >= 6 lifetime urinary tract infections
(6) diabetic peripheral neuropathy
Risk factors for severe incontinence in adjusted models:
(7) history of hysterectomy
(8) presence of any vaginal symptom (dryness, discharge, itching, dyspareunia)
where:
• The odds ratios for these factors were fairly close, ranging from 1.5 to 2.0.
The authors noted that a significant proportion (almost 20%) of postmenopausal women who were continent at the start of the study had developed some incontinence within the 2 year followup period (page 857).
