Garg et al reported a number of risk factors associated with mortality in patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF). The authors are from GB Pant Hospital in New Dehli, India.
Patient selection: acute-on-chronic liver failure
Predictors of mortality:
(1) hepatic encephalopathy
(2) elevated INR (> 2.2) otherwise unexplained
(3) low serum sodium
(4) high total serum bilirubin (>21.7 mg/dL)
Causes of death include:
(1) multi-organ failure
(2) upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage
(3) progressive hepatic failure
Up to two thirds of patients died within 90 days if a liver transplant cannot be provded.
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