Exercise-associated muscle cramping (EAMC) is more likely to occur if certain risk factors are present.
Risk factors for EAMC:
(1) intense and prolonged exercise (like running a marathon)
(2) hot and humid environment
(3) less than optimum conditioning for the level of exertion
(4) past history of muscle cramping during exercise
(5) family history of muscle cramping during exercise
Dehydration and serum electrolyte abnormalities are not considered to be risk factors, but some of the risk factors listed above are associated with one or both.
Higher body mass index (BMI) is not considered a risk factor, but the population studies was triathletes. Percent body fat might be a better metric to study.
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