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Risk Factors for Acute Hemolysis in Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) Deficiency

Description

Acute hemolysis may occur in a patient with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency under certain circumstances. The red blood cells of a patient with G6PD deficiency may not have enough glutathione in a reduced state to handle an oxidant stress.


 

Risk factors for acute hemolysis:

(1) severe enzyme deficiency

(2) triggering event

(2a) acute infection

(2b) ingestion of fava beans (fava crises)

(2c) exposure to certain drugs (see list below)

(2d) exposure to certain chemicals (naphthalene)

 

Drugs which may trigger hemolysis in a patient who is G6PD deficient:

(1) acetanilid

(2) doxorubicin (adriamycin)

(3) furazolidone

(4) isobutyl nitrite

(5) methylene blue

(6) nalidixic acid

(7) niridazole

(8) nitrofurantoin

(9) phenazopyridine

(10) phenylhydrazine

(11) primaquine

(12) sulfacetamide

(13) sulfamethoxazole

(14) sulfanilamide

(15) sulfapyridine

 


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