Red Flags of Ramamoorthy et al for a Perilunate Dislocation

When to suspect a perilunate disclocation – both of the following:

(1) one or more of the following “red flags”:

(1a) young male (average age 30 years)

(1b) swelling or deformity over the wrist AND median nerve symptoms (acute carpal tunnel syndrome)

(1c) high energy trauma (fall from height, vehicle accident, industrial accident) with forced hyperextension injury of the wrist

(2) absence of fracture in the distal radius and/or ulna