Prolonged bed rest has a number of deleterious effects on the patient. Bed rest should be avoided, with implementation of an exercise program as tolerated.
Adverse effects of bed rest:
(1) decreased exercise tolerance and functional capacity
(2) loss of muscle mass and muscle strength
(3) osteoporosis
(4) decreased vagal tone
(5) decreased mood, including depression
Increased risk for:
(1) deep vein thrombosis
(2) decubitus
(3) constipation
(4) reflux esophagitis
(5) aspiration pneumonia
(6) obesity (unless caloric intake controlled)
(7) tachycardia with activity
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