Example of specimens collected for chain of custody:
(1) for paternity testing
(2) after sexual assault
(3) after removal of bullets or a knife
(4) associated with medical malpractice (failed device, retained instrument)
(5) for alcohol or drug analysis
Elements:
(1) positive of identification of source
(2) sealed to prevent tampering or alteration
(3) positive tracking with documentation of all handlers
(4) documentation of proper collection, storage and handling
Positive identification may range from simple to complex:
(1) simple: verification with photo-ID
(2) complex: photograph, fingerprint, etc.
Sealing a specimen:
(1) If a specimen container is used, it should allow for a tight seal without leaking.
(2) A seal is applied over the top of the specimen to document any opening of the specimen.
(3) The collector and source person will then initial the closely seal..
(4) The specimen is labelled with complete identification information.
(5) Sealed in a specimen container with tamper-proof tape or in a sealed container.
Storage:
(1) Refrigerated or frozen storage should be in a locked and sealed refrigerator.
(2) Room temperature storage should be in a locked and sealed safe, room or cabinet.
Seals usually are a numbered plastic or metal strip that will break if removed.
Documentation:
(1) identification information for source
(2) method of identification used
(3) signature of source person (if applicable)
(4) person collecting, with signature
(5) each person handling the specimen
(6) storage conditions
(7) number for each seal used
Causes for a break in the chain:
(1) questionable identification
(2) unlabeled specimen
(3) unsealed specimen
(4) broken seal without explanation or evidence of tampering
(5) leaving an opened container unattended for any period of time
