The Japan Coma Scale (JCS) can be used to evaluate a patient with impaired consciousness.
Parameters:
(1) consciousness level
(2) restlessness
(3) incontinence of urine and/or feces
Consciousness Level
Additional Features
Code
awake without any stimuli
fully or almost fully conscious
1
unable to recognize time, place and person
2
unable to recall name or date of birth
3
rousable but reverts to previous state if stimulus stops
easily by being spoken to; responds with purposeful movements, phrases and words
10
with loud voice or by shaking of the shoulders; responds with movements or very simple words
20
only be repeated mechanical stimuli
30
unrousable using any forceful stimuli
responds to avoid the stimulus
100
responds with slight movements, including decerebrate or decorticate postures
200
does not respond at all or with change in respiratory rhythm
300
Parameter
Finding
Code
restlessness
absent
present
R
incontinence
absent
present
I
The person is designated by the consciousness level code then the code(s) for restlessness and/or incontinence if present. For example, a person with a consciousness level code of 20, restlessness but no incontinence would be designated "20-R".
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