Criteria of Ferry for Identifying a High Risk Smoker

• a woman who was unable to quit while pregnant?

• a young person who has just started smoking?

• an older person who has been smoking for many decades?

• belong to a culture that places high value on tobacco use?

• have a serious psychiatric disease that worsens during nicotine abstinence?

• have other addictions or chemical dependencies?

• from a lower socioeconomic group?

• poorly educated?

• immunosuppressed?