Schaefer and Close developed a grading scheme for laryngeal injury. This can help identify patients who may require more aggressive therapy. The authors are from the University of Texas Southwestern in Dallas.
Examination: based on endoscopic and CT scan findings
Mucosal Hematoma, Laceration and/or Edema
Fracture of the Laryngeal Skeleton
Other Injuries
Grade
none
none
none
0
minor
none
none
1
moderate
none or nondisplaced
no exposed cartilage
2
severe
displaced fracture
exposed cartilage, vocal cord immobilization
3
severe
severe and unstable; anterior half of larynx disrupted
true and/or false cords affected
4
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