Gao et al used the END-IT score to predict functional outcome for a patient with convulsive status epilepticus. The authors are from Fourth Military Medical University in China.
Patient selection: > 12 years of age with convulsive status epilepticus (continuous motor seizure activity OR recurrent seizure activity without regaining full consciousness between episodes)
Exclusion: cerebral anoxia (due to high mortality rate)
Outcome: unfavorable (modified Rankin scale 3 to 6, ranging from dependence to death)
Parameters (END-IT):
(1) encephalitis (E)
(2) concurrent nonconvulsive status epilepticus (N)
(3) diazepam resistance (D)
(4) imaging studies (I)
(5) tracheal intubation (T)
Parameter |
Finding |
Points |
encephalitis |
No |
0 |
|
Yes |
1 |
nonconvulsive SE |
No |
0 |
|
Yes |
1 |
diazepam resistance |
No |
0 |
|
Yes |
1 |
imaging studies |
no responsible lesion |
0 |
|
unilateral lesion |
1 |
|
bilateral lesion or diffuse cerebral edema |
2 |
tracheal intubation |
No |
0 |
|
Yes |
1 |
total score =
= SUM(points for all 5 parameters)
Interpretation:
• minimum END-IT score: 0
• maximum END-IT score: 6
• The higher the score the greater the chance of an unfavorable outcome.
If Figure 2 is modeled as a logistic regression model:
X = (-0.01803 * ((score)^2)) + (1.209 * (score)) - 3.478
probability of an unfavorable outcome =
= 1 / (1 + EXP((-1)*X))
Specialty: Sports Medicine & Rehabilitation, Neurology