Infection:
(1) sepsis, especially with Gram-negative bacteria
(2) HIV
(3) other infections
Microangiopathic:
(1) disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
(2) thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)
(3) hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS)
Drug or chemical induced:
(1) GPIIb/IIIa inhibitor therapy
(2) therapy with a thrombolytic agent
(3) therapy with adenosine diphosphate (ADP) receptor antagonist
(4) heparin-associated
(5) acute alcohol toxicity
(6) cancer therapy (chemoradiation)
(7) antibiotics
Mechanical
(1) post-cardiopulmonary bypass
(2) intravascular device (ECMO, intra-aortic balloon mump, left ventricular assist device, etc)
(3) renal dialysis
(4) mechanical heart valve
Immune:
(1) immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)
(2) antiphospholipid antibodies
(3) post-transfusion purpura
Other:
(1) hemodilution or massive transfusion
(2) hypersplenism
(3) myelodysplasia
(4) hypoplastic or aplastic bone marrow
(5) diabetic ketoacidosis
(6) pulmonary embolism
(7) hereditary thrombocytopenia
In vitro (pseudothrombocytopenia:
(1) clotted specimen
(2) EDTA-dependent platelet antibodies
