Wiese et al defined the alcohol-induced hangover ("veisalgia") based on clinical symptoms. The authors are from the University of California in San Francisco.
Symptoms used to define hangover:
(1) headache
(2) poor sense of overall well-being
(3) diarrhea
(4) anorexia
(5) tremulousness
(6) fatigue
(7) nausea
Criteria for alcohol-induced hangover:
(1) present of >= 2 of the above symptoms
(2) following consumption of alcohol
(3) symptoms severe enough to disrupt the performance of normal daily activities and responsibilities
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