Clinical Findings After Exposure to Hydrogen Cyanamide

 

Systems affected:

(1) respiratory

(2) cardiovascular

(3) gastrointestinal tract

(4) neurologic

(5) ocular

(6) skin

(7) metabolic

 

Respiratory findings:

(1) bronchospasm or worsening of asthma

(2) dyspnea (may be part of the acetaldehyde syndrome)

 

Cardiovascular findings:

(1) tachycardia with palpitations

(2) hypertension

(3) hypotension (may be part of the acetaldehyde syndrome)

 

Gastrointestinal tract findings:

(1) nausea and vomiting (may be part of the acetaldehyde syndrome)

(2) reflux and heartburn

(3) oral mucositis

(4) throat irritation

 

Neurologic findings

(1) dizziness

(2) agitation

(3) confusion (may be part of the acetaldehyde syndrome)

(4) delirium

(5) tremors

(6) weakness

(7) paresthesias

(8) sweating

(9) headache

(10) parasympathetic hyperactivity (may be part of the acetaldehyde syndrome)

 

Ocular findings:

(1) conjunctivitis

(2) miosis

(3) corneal ulceration

(4) ocular chemical burn

 

Skin findings:

(1) erythema or dermatitis

(2) edema

(3) chemical burn

(4) skin ulceration

 

Metabolic:

(1) acetaldehyde syndrome following alcohol use (disulfiram-like reaction, see notes above)