The Jackson's Syndrome is associated with involvement of the lower three cranial nerves (cranial nerves X to XII).
Diagnosis |
CN IX |
CN X |
CN XI |
CN XII |
Other |
CSS |
|
x |
x |
x |
|
Cranial Nerve |
Clinical Findings If Damaged |
X (vagus) |
ipsilateral paralysis of the soft palate, pharynx and vocal cords |
XI (accessory, spinal) |
ipsilateral weakness of the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles |
XII (hypoglossal) |
ipsilateral paralysis and atrophy of the tongue |
Additional findings:
(1) anesthesia of the ipsilateral pharynx and larynx (due to involvement of CN X and XI bulbar nerves)
Usually only one side is affected although bilateral involvement may occur. The weakness of the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles should indicate the involved side. The tongue will deviate to the affected (paralyzed) side.
Specialty: Neurology
ICD-10: ,