Findings in acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema:
(1) history of myocardial infarction or congestive heart failure
(2) low output state
(3) third heart sound
(4) peripheral edema
(5) jugular venous distention
(6) elevated markers of cardiac injury (serum troponin and CK-MB)
(7) BNP levels > 500 pg/mL
(8) enlarged cardiac silhouette on the chest X-ray
(9) vascular pedicle width on the chest X-ray > 70 mm
(10) central infiltrate on the chest X-ray
(11) presence of Kerley's B lines on the chest X-ray
(12) enlarged cardiac chambers on echocardiography
(13) decreased left ventricular function on echocardiography
(14) pulmonary artery occlusion pressure > 18 mm Hg on pulmonary artery catheterization
Findings in acute noncardiogenic pulmonary edema:
(1) history of pulmonary infection, nonpulmonary infection or pulmonary aspiration
(2) hyperdynamic state
(3) high white blood cell count
(4) evidence of pancreatitis or peritonitis
(5) normal markers of cardiac injury (serum troponin and CK-MB)
(6) BNP levels < 100 pg/mL
(7) normal cardiac silhouette on the chest X-ray
(8) vsacular pedicle width on the chest X-ray <= 70 mm
(9) peripheral infiltrate on the chest X-ray
(10) absence of Kerley's B lines on the chest X-ray
(11) normal or small cardiac chambers on echocardiography
(12) normal left ventricular function on echocardiography
(13) pulmonary artery occlusion pressure <= 18 mm Hg on pulmonary artery catheterization
