The American College of Surgeons has listed criteria for a patient's response to initial fluid resuscitation.
Patient selection: following initial fluid resuscitation
Parameters:
(1) vital signs
(2) estimated blood loss
Vital Signs |
Estimated Blood Loss |
Response |
normalize initially, stay stable |
< 20% of blood volume |
rapid (good) |
initial improvement, then deteriorate |
20 to 40% of blood volume |
transient |
no improvement |
> 40% of blood volume |
none or minimal (poor) |
Implication |
Rapid Responder |
Transient Responder |
Poor Response (Nonresponder) |
need for more crystalloid |
low |
moderate |
high |
need for blood transfusion |
low, type and crossmatch |
moderate |
high, emergency transfusion |
need for immediate surgery |
possible |
probable |
very likely |
Specialty: Critical Care, Emergency Medicine